新手录音指南

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！尚未完成 ! work-in-progress

这份指南也有英语版本：英语 / This guide is also available in English
这份指南也有西班牙语版本：西班牙语 / Esta guía tambien existe en español
这份指南也有法语版本：法语 / Ce guide est également disponible en Français
这份指南也有葡萄牙语版本：葡萄牙语 / Este guia também está disponível em português
这份指南也有德语版本：德语 / Diese Anleitung gibt es auch auf Deutsch
这份指南也有菲律宾语版本：菲律宾语 / Ang gabay na ito ay mababasa din mula sa Tagalog


请注意，论坛的主要语言为英文。如果你有关于中文项目的问题，欢迎去我们的多语言论坛发帖提问（尽管我们可能无法用其它语言回答你的所有问题，尤其是技术上的疑难问题）。


这份指南旨在帮助新志愿者熟悉录音的过程和要求。我们明白，有的志愿者可能已经相当了解相关操作和术语，有的则稍显薄弱些。因此，我们会力图在讲解时做到清晰透彻，争取让所有人都能理解。


准备工作

你需要准备一个麦克风和录音软件来录音。大多数 LibriVox 志愿者用的是 USB 接口电脑麦克风，以及电脑端的免费音频软件 Audacity。

硬件设施

主要介绍文章: User-Recommended Equipment (英文版)

你需要一台电脑和一个录音设备录制音频。后者可以是一个接入电脑的麦克风，或者一个数字录音机。

注意：如果你用的是有降噪功能的麦克风，或者可以设置为主动降噪模式的电脑，请禁用这个功能。它虽然在打视频电话、玩游戏的时候能派上很大用场，但它会消除所有背景噪音（包括说话时，你的声音必须利用的“噪音”）。倘若降噪功能没被关闭，你的有声书录音绝对不可能达到最佳音质。想要减少背景噪音的话，请在后期处理时使用 Audacity 强大的内设除噪音功能。

  1. 麦克风: 模拟或数字麦克风均可。模拟麦克风接的是声卡（接头接入粉色的圆孔）；麦克风的音质会受你的声卡质量影响。数字麦克风则会绕过声卡，接入 USB 接口，音质也因此会大大提升。
    1. 台式麦克风: 台式麦克风可以直接立在你的桌面上。在 LibriVox 被广泛使用的麦克风当中，最便宜的可能是 Logitech USB desktop microphone (PN 980186-0403) ，大约30美元。就这个价位来说，它已经很让人满意了。
      参考意见：用它录出来的声音听起来有些机械，没有山逊（Samson）的麦克风（$40-90）听起来那么层次丰富，但也没有头戴式耳麦录出来的声音那么尖锐刺耳。因此，它算是个实惠的新手入门麦克风
      热爱录音的志愿者，往往会在后面“升级”到这两款山逊麦克风 (Q1U 约50美元, C01U 约90美元)
    2. 头戴式耳麦: 这一款 Logitech 耳机 非常热门（尤其是大约40美元的250型，以及50美元的350型；他们也在不断上架新品）。提醒一下，有的型号（250）戴起来不太舒服，但还是有人因为它的麦克风位置是固定的、不用手扶持，而对它青睐有加。
      参考意见：这类耳麦录出来的音效还比不上更便宜的 Logitech 台式麦克风。既然预算变宽松了，不如考虑把多出来的钱花在更高音质的山逊（台式）麦克风。
  2. 数字录音机: 购买数字录音机时，记得检查它支持哪些音频格式。如果你需要把音频导入音频编辑软件进行后期编辑，请务必确认这个软件支持这个音频的格式。另外，这个录音机必须保证录出较高的音质。

软件

主要介绍文章: Audacity 入门教程（英文版）

大多数 LV 志愿者用的都是 Audacity。我们建议你使用最新的2.0稳定版本，它的很多功能比上一个稳定版本（1.2.6）都有改进。它跟上一个 beta 版本（1.3.14）有些许区别。

  • Audacity 入门教程（英文版）内含详细使用指南，涵盖了从下载到安装，再到第一次录音测试等步骤。如果你有一个内置麦克风，现在可以试试它是否好用。如果你网购了一个麦克风，你可以在等待到货的同时，先下载安装 Audacity。

有些志愿者用的是 GarageBand 或者 Wavepad。

如果你打算使用你已有的其它软件，请阅读 Software We Use 查看相对应的设置要求和实用贴士。

注意：很多人担心自己不能很好地应对录音涉及到的技术问题和细节，但这个流程本身其实并不难。不然，我们也不会有这么多活跃的志愿者！绝大多数 LibriVox 志愿者其实都不是技术出身。

有的志愿者用的软硬件和设置可能的确不同于我们的推荐，但我们还是推荐你根据这套指南操作，毕竟它重点描述的是给 LibriVox 录制有声书最直接的途径——在电脑上录音，在电脑上编辑，再通过网络上传音频文件。


模拟测试

主要介绍文章: 一分钟小测试（英文版）

在录制你的长篇处女作前，我们强烈建议你要么先完成一分钟小测试，或者给“每周诗歌”或“短篇诗集”贡献一个音频。这样，现有的志愿者就能检查你的设置是否正确无误，并给予其它反馈。

如果你需要或者愿意寻求技术上的反馈，我们推荐你按要求上传一段 一分钟小测试 至 招募校对和编辑分论坛 来征求有建设意义的批评。


注册

相关话题: 论坛指南 - 英文版
  1. 浏览过所有"书籍（录音及其它志愿者角色）"版块下的分论坛 后，相信你会找到让你感兴趣的多人合作项目。不论昼夜，你都能找到无数正在招募朗读者的合作项目，语种也不计其数：
    1. Readers Wanted: Short Works and Poetry：这里除了“诗集”和“短篇故事集”，还有“短篇悬疑作品集”、“短篇鬼故事集”、“短篇非虚构作品集”等等众多合集。大多数合集欢迎朗读者自己选择想录制的诗歌、故事或文章。
    2. Readers Wanted: Books：多个朗读者会合作录制完一整本书。你可以自由选择具体读哪些小节。
    3. Readers Wanted: Dramatic Works：你可以“饰演”戏剧（或由书籍改编得到的剧本）中的角色。
  2. 请仔细阅读引起了你的兴趣的项目的 第一个帖子。它会详细介绍所有的这一项目特有的操作规范，以及暂时尚待认领的小节或角色。
  3. 点击屏幕左下角的 "Post Reply（发送回复）"键即可在这个页面新增一个帖子。你可以用这个功能给 Book Coordinator（主管这个项目的志愿者）留言，申请录制你想读的小节，记得及时回到这个页面查看你是否得到了回复。一般 Book Coordinator 会用同样的方式通知你，你的申请是否被批准了。
请注意：我们强烈推荐你避免在回帖的主题栏输入任何重要信息。你很快就会注意到，主题栏字体实在太小，以至于没有人会注意到它的存在。假如你把你想申请的小节序号写在主题栏而不是贴文里，你的 book coordinator 很可能看得一头雾水。
  • 许多“短篇作品”论坛里的合集没有“申请”这个步骤。你只需要按照第一个帖子里的指示，自己选一篇诗歌、故事或文章（只要文本已经在公共版权范围内）。


录制

先再次确认你的录音设置正确无误

每次开始录音前，请务必花一点时间检查一下你的录音设置。 有时在你不知情的情况下，电脑可能会自己调回默认设置（真人真事），麦克风的位置会自己变。你往往需要微调一些功能，才能让你的设备回到最佳录音状态（但追求绝对完美也是没有必要的）。

  1. 先接入你的麦克风
  2. 再打开录音软件
  3. 检查输入音量和音源（是否为你正在使用的麦克风）
  4. 再次检查你的 Audacity 设定
  5. 随意录制一小短话（比如“八百标兵八百标兵奔北坡，炮兵并排北边跑。炮兵怕把标兵碰，标兵怕碰炮兵炮。”）
  6. 观察生成的声波：
    1. 它是否起伏很小？（提高输入音量，或离麦克风再近一点）
    2. 是否有尖顶超出了范围？（降低输入音量，或离麦克风远一点。这样的尖顶会被强制“压平”，你的声音也会因此被扭曲）
  7. 自己听一下这段音频（最好是用耳机听）
    1. 听见破裂音了？（把麦克风移到你呼出的气不会直接接触的地方，比如往高/低/两旁放）

预先处理好你要录制的文本

我们建议你从项目第一个帖子的线上链接提前下载好文本，加入所有你需要读的信息，再和文本一起保存到你的电脑上，后续录制起来会更方便。的确，所有We recommend you download the text from its online link given in the project's top post. It helps to save the text to your computer and add any information you need to read; it's all in the top post in your project, but it's very very handy to copy and paste all that you need to record into a single document with the text. For instance:

  • Intros/outros: Chapter and title, LibriVox "disclaimer," full book title and author's (and translator's) name, chapter number and title, and any other important intro information. (It's a little different for poems!) ... text ... End of such-and-such, etc.
  • Personal notes, like how to pronounce a word you're not familiar with
  • what to name your recorded file
  • where to send your recorded file

All this information is in the project's top post; if you can't find or don't understand something, ask the Book Coordinator (BC) or Meta Coordinator (MC).

If you would like to spruce up text from Gutenberg (most of our projects use Gutenberg text), you might like this: Guten Mark

Record

Get a glass of warm water or herbal tea, and enjoy yourself. (Thanks for recording for LibriVox!) If you've followed the steps above, you should have everything you need: all the text and intros and outros and file specs (all from the project's top post).

  • Remember to save along the way -- it is very frustrating to lose a whole chapter because the software crashes (possibly because the file has not been saved and is taking too much temporary memory) three paragraphs from the end. Sad, very sad.
  • Important: read the authorized text only. Other editions may be in copyright and we rely on folks to use the Public Domain versions (as identified in the project's top post).


TIPS: There are a few things that you can do while you're recording to make the editing process more easy later on.
  1. As soon as you make a mistake clap your hands three times, or say a really loud "MISTAKE!". Then repeat the sentence that you goofed up. The point is to create a spike in the sound waves of your editing software. This allows you to more easily find your mistakes in the editing process.
  2. Make a test recording to be sure your mic and editing software is set at the correct volume before recording the text. It is possible to alter the volume later, but raising the volume too much will also amplify the background noise.
  3. Don't stop the recording for anything. If you need to get a drink of water, let it record through that. Need to clear your throat? Keep recording so you end up with one long track. This will prevent inconsistencies in sound or volume. If you stop recording and return later, it will probably be obvious to the listener that you stopped and started again later.

Follow this link for more tips to Improve Your Recording.

Editing

Main article: Editing Audio
Also check out: Audacity Tutorials and Audacity FAQ for tutorials on editing.

You will make mistakes in your reading, there is no doubt about that. Don't worry about the mistakes too much as you're recording, because they can be edited out. You can also make adjustments to volume, and remove small amounts of background noise in the editing process.

Most readers edit their own recordings. A great benefit comes from that, besides the obvious benefit of having a corrected file: the more you record and edit, the more (almost unconsciously) you'll find yourself making little adjustments to your reading style and to your recording setup that make the whole process more enjoyable.

Exporting

In Audacity, exporting is done by going through the following steps:

  • If using Audacity 1.3 or later:
  1. Go to File > Export... A dialog box will open.
  2. Choose the folder in which you want to save your file.
  3. Type in the file name. Please make sure to follow exactly the format presented in the first post. Use all lowercase, and DO NOT put any spaces in the file name.
  4. In the "Save as type" box, select "MP3 files".
  5. Click Options... and make sure that you have the correct export settings:
    • Bit Rate Mode: Constant
    • Quality: 128 kbps
  6. Click Save
  7. A dialog box may open showing a Metadata Tag editor. You may leave these tags blank. They will be added during cataloging.
  8. Click OK. Audacity should then start exporting, and may take a few seconds.


  • If using Audacity 2.0 or later:
  1. Go to File > Export > Export as MP3 A dialog box will open.
  2. Choose the folder in which you want to save your file.
  3. Type in the file name. Please make sure to follow exactly the format presented in the first post. Use all lowercase, and DO NOT put any spaces in the file name.
  4. The "Save as type" should already be selected as "MP3 files".
  5. Now look at the "Format Options" box and make sure the following are selected:
    1. Constant
    2. 128 kbps
    3. Force export to mono
  6. Click Save
  7. A dialog box may open showing a Metadata Tag editor. You may leave these tags blank. They will be added during cataloging.
  8. Click OK. Audacity should then start exporting, and may take a few seconds.


  • To stop the Metadata Tag editor from popping up each time you export a file:
  1. Open the Preferences Dialog Box: Edit > Preferences (or Ctrl + P)
  2. Under the Import/Export tab:
    1. Under When exporting tracks to an audio file: untick the box for "Show Metadata Tags editor before export"
  3. Click "OK"

Uploading

Main article: How to Send Your Recording

Note: If you are using Adobe Audition, please remove all ID tags before uploading. For reasons unknown, the uploader will reject any MP3 produced by Adobe Audition which has ID tags.

http://librivox.org/login/uploader

(If you have trouble reading the image above, please message an admin)
  • Before you upload, you'll have to select the project MC's name from a list so your file will go to the right folder. (That's the Meta-Coordinator, MC, not the Book Coordinator, BC -- they can be two different people.) If you're sending a test file, follow your BC's instructions or call it test_yourname.mp3 and select "tests - tests" from the uploader's MC drop-down list.
    • How to find the project's MC: Each project thread has the MC named at the end of the first post. Example: "You'll need to select the MC, which for this project is: gypsygirl" Find that name in the Uploader's drop-down list of MCs (in this example: "gypsygirl - gypsygirl")
  • When the upload is complete, a link to your file will appear.

Posting

After the uploader gives you the link to your recording, you should copy the link and post it (as a reply) in the project thread to let your Book Coordinator know you're done. Please avoid sending the link to the BC or MC as a Private Message. Folks will use that link to prooflisten your file and later to catalogue your file. When posting the link, remember to include the section number (if you have claimed many sections) and the length in minutes:seconds of your recording.

If this is your first contribution, let the BC know how you would like to be credited on the Catalog page, and your Web site if you would like that with your credit.

Editing After Prooflistening

Main page: Guide for Proof-listeners

All recordings are "prooflistened" to catch repeats, big stumbles or long pauses. For some specific projects, the recording is even checked against the text. The notes from the "proof-listener" will be posted in the project thread or in a specific prooflistening thread for the project. Keep an eye on the status of your recording once in a while, in the "Magic Window" of your project.

  • If the prooflistener caught some mistakes, his/her notes will be entered here. Please edit your recording and resubmit the new version.
  • If the recording is marked "PL-OK" or just "OK", it means that it is all set for cataloging as soon as the whole project is done. No further action from you is required.
Folks quickly learn to edit any errors in their file from last to first -- that way the timecode notes stay accurate during correction.

Once the project is complete, it will be catalogued. You may want to know what will happen to your file when you've sent it to your coordinator! Here's an overview of the LibriVox recording process and some other useful information.

After Your First Contribution

You have done it! You have contributed a recording! If you enjoyed doing that, please come back for more. You have several options now:

  1. Contribute another section to a collaborative project, as detailed above.
  2. Launch your very own project - see the New Projects Launch Pad. Read the stickies there for details on how to do this. Your options are:
    1. Going Solo: record a whole book on your own. (Note for first-time recorders: Reading a whole book, as many of us have discovered, is often more time-consuming than one thinks. We therefore strongly encourage you to read a chapter for one of our collaborative projects before you start a solo project.)
    2. Become the book coordinator of a collaborative project: book, play or short works collection. See also How To Become A Book Coordinator.
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